[fiber calculation method and test]
Calculation method
Length:
A. Tex: the weight of A 1000-meter yarn at the time of the public moisture regain is called the number.
Common type: TEX = (G/L) times 1000
In the formula: G is the weight of yarn and L is length of yarn (m).
B. denier: the weight of the 9000m is called the denier.
Common type: NTEX = (G/L) by 9000
In the formula: G is the weight of the silk and L is the length of the filament (meter).
Resystem:
A. The number of meters of the length of A gram (silk).
Male: NM = L/G
In the formula: 1 is the length of yarn (rice), G is the weight of yarn (gram).
B. The number of 840 yards in a pound of yarn.
N = (L/G) x 840
In the formula: L is the length of yarn (silk), G is the weight of yarn (pounds).
test
One, the method of the eye test
The method of hand sensing is to use hand touch, eye observation, to judge the type of fiber by experience. This method is simple and does not require any instruments, but it requires the discriminator to have a lot of experience. When the fabric & tracelog = pd_info_promo "target =" _blank "> garment fabric is identified, the yarn can be removed from the fabric edge to identify the fabric, except for the touch and observation of the fabric.
1. Feel and strength: cotton, hard feel and soft wool. Silk, viscose, and nylon are of moderate touch. When the hand pulls out, feel silk, hemp, cotton, synthetic fiber is very strong; Wool, viscose fiber, and acetate are weaker.
2. Stretch length: the stretch length of cotton and flax is smaller when drawing fiber. The elongation length of wool and acetate fiber is longer. Silk, viscose fiber, most synthetic fiber elongation is moderate.
3, length and uniformity: "natural fiber length, the length of the poor uniformity, chemical fiber, has good uniformity. Cotton fine soft, the length is short. Wool is long and curly, soft and elastic. Silk is long and slender, and a special luster. Hemp vertebral containing pectin and hard.
Weight: cotton, flax, viscose fiber is heavier than silk; Nylon, acrylic, and propylene are lighter than silk; Wool, polyester, vina, acetate fiber and silk weight are similar.
2. Combustion method
Common textile fiber combustion characteristics
The phenomenon of the smell of ash after the flame is close to flame
The cotton near flame is burning and burning fast, and there is a small, soft, black or gray paper
The hair melts away from the flame, melts and burns hard to continue, will self-extinguish, burning the taste of feathers, fragile, crisp, black
The silk melts away from the flame, and when it burns, it will be extinguished, and it will be splattered and burnt. It will be brittle, crisp and black
The flax is burning, burning and crackling, reigniting smoke, have afterglow, and cotton
The adhesion of the adhesives to the flame, combustion, the afterburning of the extremely fast no afterglow, the burning paper mixed chemical taste, except the light of the dust, there is a small amount of black ash.
The near flame of the polyamide is molten, molten, dribbling and bubbling not directly in the form of the celery taste hard, round, light, brown to gray, bead form
Polyester near flame is a melting, melting, can reignite, a few of smoke extremely weak sweet hard round, black or hazel
Acrylic melt, near flame burn and burn and burn, spatter weak acrid hard black, irregular or bead shape
Three, microscope observation method
By means of microscope, the longitudinal shape of fiber and the shape of cross section or the method of dyeing can be used to compare the natural fibers and chemical fibers.
The longitudinal and cross-sectional characteristics of staple fibers
The morphological features of the longitudinal morphological features of the fibers
Cotton flat ribbon, with natural curved waist round, have middle cavity
The surface of the wool has scales round or close to round, and some have sheep
The mulberry silk flat and irregular triangle
Ramie transverse section, vertical grain cashew shape, have middle cavity and crack
The longitudinal grooves of the viscose fibers form a multi-page edge
Polyester and nylon smooth round
The acrylic smooth or has two grooves close to the circle